Resolve "enh(build): C++20 support"

Description

• Build with C++20 standard
• Update the code to fix the following deprecations:
  • implicit capture of ‘this’ via ‘[=]’ is deprecated in C++20 (see reference )
• Replace usage of boost::ublas by glm (current version does not build with C++20, Debian is shipped with an old version of boost...)
• Use a new vcpkg build with a patched ITK version for C++20, and thus some minor adjustments because of new package versions (DCMTK and openCV for instance)
• Use std::ranges algorithms in some places just for fun 😍

Closes #928 (closed)

How to test it?

• CI testing should be sufficient, but you can test some applications if you want.